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War Refugeedom and Forced Displacement in Bohemian Lands in 1914-1920.
Rejzl, Bohuslav ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Frankl, Michal (referee) ; Fasora, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of the dissertation is to present the phenomenon of forced migration of the civilian population during the First World War on the territory of Austria-Hungary, with special regard to their asylum in the Czech lands. The study is not limited to a single particular group of refugees based on ethnic or national affiliation but offers a view of ethnic pluralism in the place of their temporary asylum. The thesis attempts to synthesize the existing knowledge in historiography on the course and conditions of forced displacement of the civilian population on the Eastern and Italian fronts and presents the process of integration of refugees and evacuees in the territory of Bohemia and Moravia. On the basis of the study of archival sources of Austrian and Czech provenance, it pays attention to the reconstruction of life in refugee camps, the system of social and health care in the villages, spiritual life and, last but not least, the process of re-migration and repatriation, with regard to its continuity in the post-war years. In the socio-political context of the first years of Czechoslovakia, the thesis focuses on the social status of war refugees, furthermore it presents the process of liquidation of refugee care and the way of life in refugee camps in the time of the post-war demobilization.
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The effect of forced Ukrainian migration on the labour market in the Czech Republic
Stavarová, Nikola ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
This work aims to analyze the effect of forced migration on the Czech labor market. Specifically, I investigated the possible impact of the wave of refugees on the development of unemployment in localities of the Czech Republic after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022. I based the analysis on cross-sectional data at the district level and I added observation for Prague to the dataset. I've had data on unemployment and migration for the 2022-2023 period. I created a model where the dependent variable was the percentage difference in unemployment, which represented its development, and the main explanatory variable was migration. I also added other independent variables for more accurate estimates. I estimated this model using the method of ordinary least squares and I also used the two- stage least squares method due to the assumption of endogenity. As part of the second- mentioned method, I used the instrumental variable of the level of the Ukrainian population from 2018. I statistically tested the endogeneity in the model with the Hausmann test. I also estimated the models on a limited dataset, where I omitted three observations with outliers. I complemented the entire analysis of forced immigration with an analysis of economic migration, which reflected the main research, and...
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Theresienstadt Jews and the Musy action as an example of forced migration conditioned by the Holocaust
Hawlanová, Julia ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the rescue operation called Terezín-St.Gallen or "Musy- Transport", through which 1 200 prisoners were transferred from the Theresienstadt concentration camp to Switzerland in February 1945. Through the use of secondary sources, audio-visual testimonies, and archival materials, it examines the circumstances under which the rescue of these Jewish prisoners took place, and analyses the situation of the participants in the Swiss refugee camps in the context of this campaign. It also tackles the question of whether the Musy-transport was intended to be a liberation campaign or whether the people involved in organization of the operation had their own self-serving intentions.
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Forced migration, staying minorities, and new societies: evidence from post-war Czechoslovakia
Grossmann, Jakub ; Jurajda, Štěpán ; Roesel, F.
Forced migration traumatizes millions displaced from their homes, but little is known about the few who manage to stay and become a minority in a new society. We study the case of German stayers in Sudetenland, a region from which Czechoslovakia expelled ethnic Germans after World War Two. The unexpected presence of the US Army in parts of 1945 Czechoslovakia resulted in more anti-fascist Germans avoiding displacement compared to regions liberated by the Red Army. We study the long-run impacts of this local variation in the presence of left-leaning stayers and find that Communist party support and local party cell frequencies, as well as far-left values and social policies are more pronounced today where anti-fascist Germans stayed in larger numbers. Our findings also suggest that political identity supplanted German ethnic identity among anti-fascist stayers. The German staying minority shaped the political identity of newly formed local societies after ethnic cleansing by providing the ‘small seed’ of political development.
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Forced migration, staying minorities, and new societies: evidence from post-war Czechoslovakia
Grossmann, Jakub ; Jurajda, Štěpán ; Roesel, F.
Forced migration traumatizes millions displaced from their homes, but little is known about the few who manage to stay and become a minority in a new society. We study the case of German stayers in Sudetenland, a region from which Czechoslovakia expelled ethnic Germans after World War Two. The unexpected presence of the US Army in parts of 1945 Czechoslovakia resulted in more anti-fascist Germans avoiding displacement compared to regions liberated by the Red Army. We study the long-run impacts of this local variation in the presence of left-leaning stayers and find that Communist party support and local party cell frequencies, as well as far-left values and social policies are more pronounced today where anti-fascist Germans stayed in larger numbers. Our findings also suggest that political identity supplanted German ethnic identity among anti-fascist stayers. The German staying minority shaped the political identity of newly formed local societies after ethnic cleansing by providing the ‘small seed’ of political development.
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Forced migration from Chechnya in a time of Chechen wars
Paramonova, Svetlana ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Jelen, Libor (referee)
This master thesis deals with a study of forced migration from the Chechen republic during Chechen wars in 1996-2002. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the study of migration strategies of refugees from Chechnya. This qualitative study attempts to grasp the complexity of forced migration process and to depict it from the perspective of refugees. It explores motives and strategies of mobility of the Chechen refugees now living in Russia and Austria and of those refugees, who have returned to Chechnya after the war was over. The impact of this armed conflict on population mobility was examined with a qualitative research of sixteen refugees, who had left Chechnya because of the war. The results of the research show the link between refugee's age and likelihood of return, differences in decision-making of Chechen and Russian refugees, and the strong influence of the social networks on the decision-making and after arrival at destination. Key words Chechnya, forced migration, reasons for migration, destinations, returns, qualitative approach
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Impact of the Ukrainian conflict on population mobility
Křen, Jan ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Téra, Michal (referee)
Since spring 2014, an armed conflict has been taking place in the eastern part of Ukraine between the Pro-Russian separatists and the Ukrainian state. As a result of this armed conflict, there was a stream of forced migration. The statistics speak up to about 1.7 million people internally displaced and about a hundred other hundreds of people seeking international protection abroad. Of those seeking international protection, more than 200,000 have been granted temporary asylum in Russia. This thesis examines the impact of the Ukrainian armed conflict on the mobility of these displaced persons. The first way to study the impact of a selected conflict on population mobility is quantitative data analysis. In this analysis are compared the data on conflict intensity with data on internal migration in Ukraine and international migration to the states Russia, Poland and Czechia. The second way this diploma thesis examines the impact of the conflict on population mobility is based on the research of ten Ukrainians who left for Czechia from conflict areas and whose primary reason was the military conflict. The results show that there are links between the intensity of the military conflict and the migration strategy of the people of Eastern Ukraine.
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Analýza postavení a situace migrantek a žen s migračním původem ve vyšším středním a seniorském věku
Hradečná, Pavla ; Holíková, Klára ; Faltová, Magda ; Jelínková, Marie ; Ezzeddine, Petra ; Duba, Pavel ; Vacovská, Taťána ; Lörincová, Dominika ; Chmeliar, Peter ; Bikova, Mariya
Předkládaná publikace se zabývá problematikou migrantek či žen s migračním původem ve vyšším středním až seniorském věku, které žijí na území ČR. Je zpracována na základě získaných informací o vyšších rizicích vícenásobné diskriminace, která jim hrozí, a také na základě identifikované potřeby lepšího ukotvení práv těchto osob ve strategických dokumentech zabývajících se integrací migrantů a migrantek. V dlouhodobém horizontu tato analýza směřuje k posílení práv žen. Neméně významným faktorem, který stojí za vznikem této práce, je i snaha přiblížit téma genderu a stárnutí v migraci odborné veřejnosti, přispět k posílení spolupráce celé řady relevantních subjektů a v ideálním případě do budoucna podnítit český stát ke změnám v oblasti přístupu k ženám s migračními kořeny.
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Women at the Sidelines (?) - Gender, Migration and Ageing
Hradečná, Pavla ; Jelínková, Marie ; Ezzeddine, Petra ; Havelková, Hana
The present publication refers to a specific topic of the status and situation of migrant women and women with a migration background in upper-middle and senior age in the Czech Republic. It is a theme in the Czech environment yet unresolved, which, however, has been gradually gaining in size and, therefore, in relevance. The first part of the publication describes results of an extensive Analysis of the Position and Situation of these women in Czech Republic. The second part of the publication deals with a specific group of senior migrant women in the Czech Republic. The presented qualitative research covers a group of women aged 50+ with a refugee background coming from former Yugoslavia who have lived in the Czech Republic for more than twenty years.
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